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25 мая 2009г - Определитель языка
Если не уверены в определении
языка вашего текста, мы вам поможем. В нашем бюро разработан определитель языка.
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If I had known ... I wish I had known .../Если бы я знал... Я бы хотел знать...
Рассмотрите следующую ситуацию:
Last month Gary was in hospital for a few days. Rachel didn't know this, so she didn't go to visit him. They met a few days ago. Rachel said:
If I had known you were in hospital, I would have gone to see you.
Речел сказала: If I had known you were in hospital .... Показывает нам, что она действительно не знала, что он был в больнице.
Мы используем if + had ('d) ... когда говорим о прошлом (if I had known/been/done etc.):
- I didn't see you when you passed me in the street. If I'd seen you, of course I would have said hello. (but I didn't see you)
- I decided to stay at home last night. I would have gone out if I hadn't been so tired. (but I was tired)
- If he had been looking where he was going, he wouldn't have walked into the wall. (but he wasn't looking)
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The view was wonderful. If I'd had a camera with me, I would have taken some photographs, (but I didn't have a camera)
Сравните:
- I'm not hungry. If I was hungry, I would eat something, (сейчас)
- I wasn't hungry. If I had been hungry, I would have eaten something, (в прошлом)
Не используйте would в той части предложения, где есть if:
If I had seen you, I would have said hello. (нельзя If I would have seen you)
Обратите внимание, 'd может быть сокращением, как от would, так и от had:
If I'd seen you. (I'd seen = I had seen)
I'd have said hello. (I'd have said = I would have said)
Таким же образом можно использовать had (done) и после wish. I wish something had happened = I'm sorry that it didn't happen:
- I wish I'd known that Gary was ill. I would have gone to see him. (but I didn't know)
- I feel sick. I wish I hadn't eaten so much cake. (I ate too much cake)
- Do you wish you had studied science instead of languages? (you didn't study science)
Не используйте would have ... после wish:
The weather was cold while we were away. I wish it had been warmer. (нельзя I wish it
would have been)
Сравните would (do) and would have (done):
- If I had gone to the party last night, I would be tired now. (I am not tired now - настоящее)
- If I had gone to the party last night, I would have met lots of people. (I didn't meet lots of people - в прошлом)
Сравните would have, could have and might have:
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If the weather hadn't been so bad, |
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we would have gone out.
we could have gone out.
(= we would have been able to go out)
we might have gone out.
(= perhaps we would have gone out) |
Практические упражнения
1) Поставьте глагол в нужной форме:
- I didn't know vou were in hospital. If .......I'd known........ (I / know) ................ I would have gone ..... (I / go)
to see you.
- Sam got to the station just in time to catch the train to the airport. If........................................................... (he / miss) the train, ............................
................................. (he/ miss) his flight.
- I'm glad that you reminded me about Amanda's birthday ..................................
......................................... (I / forget) it .............................................................
................ (you / not / remind) me.
- Unfortunately I forgot my address book when I went on holiday. If ...........................................................
(I / have) your address, .........................
...................................................... (I / send) you a postcard.
- A: How was your holiday? Did you have a nice time?
B: It was OK. but ..................................................................... (we / enjoy) it more if
.................................................................... (the weather / be) nicer.
- I took a taxi to the hotel, but the traffic was bad ............................................
.................................... (it / be)
quicker if.........................................................
.................... (I / walk).
- I'm not tired. If............................................................................... (I / be) tired, I'd go home now.
- I wasn't tired last night. If ............................................................................ (I / be) tired, I would have
gone home earlier.
2) Для каждой ситуации напишите предложение, начинающееся с If.
- I wasn't hungry, so I didn't eat anything.
............ If I'd been hungry, I would have eaten something .......................
- The accident happened because the road was icy.
If the road ..............................................................................................
- I didn't know that Joe had to get up early, so I didn't wake him up.
If I ...........................................................................................................
- I was able to buy the car only because Jane lent me the money.
................................................................................................................
- Karen wasn't injured in the crash because she was wearing a seat belt.
................................................................................................................
- You didn't have any breakfast - that's why you're hungry now.
................................................................................................................
- I didn't get a taxi because I didn't have any money.
................................................................................................................
3) Представьте, что вы попали в следующие ситуации. Напишите предложение для каждой из них, начинающееся с I wish.
- You've eaten too much and now you feel sick.
You say: ...... I wish I hadn't eaten so much ....................................................
- There was a job advertised in the newspaper. You decided not to apply for it. Now you think that your decision was wrong.
You say: I wish I ............................................................................................
- When you were younger, you never learned to play a musical instrument. Now you regret this.
You say: ..........................................................................................................
- You've painted the gate red. Now you think that red was the wrong colour.
You say: ..........................................................................................................
- You are walking in the country. You'd like to take some photographs, but you didn't bring your camera.
You say: ..........................................................................................................
- You have some unexpected guests. They didn't phone first to say they were coming. You are very busy and you are not prepared for them.
You say (to yourself): ......................................................................................
Ответы к предыдущему уроку
1) 3. 'd help / would help
4. lived
5. 'd live / would live
6. would taste
7. were / was
8. wouldn't wait ... 'd go / would go
9. didn't go
10. weren't ... wouldn't be
2) 2. I wish I had a mobile phone.
3. I wish Helen were/was here.
4. I wish it weren't/wasn't so cold.
5. I wish I didn't live in a big city.
6. I wish I could go to the party.
7. I wish I didn't have to work tomorrow.
8. I wish I knew something about cars.
9. I wish I were feeling / was feeling better.
Правильные ответы к упражнениям вы найдете в следующем уроке Урок24 |
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